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Political notes from Free Press staff writers Terri Hallenbeck, Sam Hemingway and Nancy Remsen
1.02.2008
Citizen legislature in jeopardy?
Legislators are revving up their engines, ready for takeoff to Montpelier. Nobody's been doing this longer than Bill Doyle, the 81-year-old Republican state senator from Montpelier, who is also a political science professor at Johnson State College. Doyle has some thoughts about the revving of those legislative engines - that perhaps they are idling at too high a speed. Here's what he has to say: In recent years, there has been no contest in a significant amount of open legislative seats during the election year. The political parties have worked harder than ever to recruit candidates. Potential candidates always ask about the time requirements and many have expressed they would like to serve, but the number of months away from their occupations is too great.
Recruitment of legislative candidates is also adversely affected by a more recent trend, the proliferation of study groups. Senator Peter Shumlin, the president pro tem, has said: "The line between the citizen legislature and the full time legislature is the summer study committees. My philosophy has always been, the fewer the better. Those lawmakers who are appointed to study committees are often those who do not hold full-time jobs, which has the effect of limiting input from any lawmakers whose jobs don’t allow them to sit on the off season study panels."
In recent years, the number of study committees has averaged over 30. Rep. Anne Donahue, R-Northfield, has written: "Those who fear we are moving more and more toward a full time legislature and oppose it (like myself) be on guard. There are more and more legislative committees that are meeting on special topics during the "in between" of a two-year session, in addition to the oversight committees, the study committees, and the special meetings. The increase this year is a significant jump." Thirteen new interim study committees were added this year and the total cost of all the committees is estimated to be $178,000.
There has been a dramatic increase in the number of bills introduced in the Vermont General Assembly over the years. During the past 40 years, the number of bills has doubled from approximately 500 1965 to approximately 1200 in recent years. This has had the effect of increasing the length of the session and increases operating costs and has led to increased staffing. In fairness, legislatures throughout the nation have taken on more responsibility, and the issues have become more complex.
Increased partisan bickering during the legislative session is another unfortunate development. It extends the length of sessions and contributes to the difficulties of recruiting candidates to run for the general assembly. People who would otherwise be inspired to serve their state listen to the noise of politics and prefer to stay home.
The ideal of a citizen legislature is in jeopardy in Vermont when we cannot attract good people to serve. Lack of candidates also has implications for citizenship in the democratic process. The system works best when the individual voter has a choice and there is competition for legislative seats.
How can this be fixed? Indiana and Colorado have a limitation on the number of bills that a member can introduce during the session. Nebraska has a limit on the number of bills a committee or a member may introduce. In Connecticut, legislators may introduce a bill proposal with a short statement of purpose. This short form is then considered by the committee, and if the committee is agreeable, it will be drafted into long form.
In recent years throughout the nation, the public has favored limiting legislative sessions, and according to the Book of the States, published by the Council of State Governments: "Voters in Alaska, Colorado, Louisiana, Nevada and Oklahoma all approved constitutional amendments that resulted in shorter legislative sessions. Vermont is one of the few states that place no limit on the length of legislative sessions." Maybe it’s time to restrain ourselves, and make a greater commitment to productivity (and consequently a reduction the amount of political wrangling).
Decreasing the introduction of bills could decrease the length of legislative sessions, would increase the possibility of recruiting more people to run for the general assembly, would create greater public confidence in the legislature, and would result in better utilization of staff time. It would help preserve the citizen legislature and aid the democratic process by increasing the possibility of competition for a legislative seat.
If we expect good management practices from our state agencies, we should implement good management practices for the Vermont General Assembly.
- Terri Hallenbeck
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